2.82 Communication

• We have a nerve eg. motor nerve which embed in the spine and this end would connect to the effector most likely would be muslce.
• From the cell body to the synaptic knob. Single cell is shown in orange.
• The effect is to increase the nerve conduction. The endocsic system produces a chemical call hormones.
• The hormones is secreted to the blood.
• The target tissue will have an effect and it can bring multiple effect.

Nerve - fast and hormones - really slow.

2.77b Thermoregulation

• Negative feedback loop control and maintaining constant conditions.
• 37/38 degree celsius is human body temperature.
• Hypothalamus is the region of the brain, stimuli is the temperature of the body which is blood.
• The effect would be the skim. 
• The responses would be the decreasing or increasing of the body temperature.

2.77a Thermoregulation

• Homeo mean same, ostasis mean conditions and thermic mean temperature.
• Homeothermal is thermoregulation.
• Maximum rate of reaction would be on the temperature.
• This is called the optimum temperature.
• It would be the same temperature for the mammal.

2.76 Sensitivity

• Sensitivity is the sense that response to the changes of the environment.
• Types of changes in the environment are light, temperature, pressure and chemical.
• In order to do the changes the organisms must take place in the receptor.
• The response recieved the sense by the effector.
• The response shows that the organisms has survive from the effector.

2.7 Test Starch and Glucose

Test For Glucose - C6H12O6

1. put the glucose powder in the test tube with water and dissolve it.
2. add the Benedict's reagent 'blue'. Test tube would become blue colour.
3. place the test tube in he water bath (60-70c) and put it for 2/3 mins.
4. take the test tube out and the result you get is orange colour and it will soon become green.

Test For Starch

1. white powder into the spotting tiles and add iodine solution (brown colour).
2. the change is from brown colour to very dark blue back colour. ( positive test).

2.6 Biological Molecules

• Carbohydrates - sugars and large molecules that sugar combine to is starch (plants) and glycogen (animals).
• Proteins - amino acids , amino acids join together to form actual proteins.
• Lipids - has 2 groups-glycerol and atty acids and they both join together to form lipids.

2.5 Elements in biological molecules

• Carbohydrates- CHO are present.
• Protein - CHON are present.
• Lipid-CHO are present.
• Lipid and Carbohydrates has the same structure 'CHO'
• Carbohydrates includes sugar and large molecules is ploysacchrides (starch). Proteins are amino acids which includes nitrogen. Lipids has 2 groups first one is fats from the animals and the other group is oils from the plants.